Ukukhulelwa kuzisa imibuzo emininzi malunga nokuba yintoni ekhuselekileyo, kwaye ukusebenzisa iibhedi zokukhanya kwelanga akuyonto ingaqhelekanga. Impendulo emfutshane ithi hayi—ababoneleli bezempilo bacebisa ngokubanzi ukuba bangazisebenzisi iibhedi zokukhanya kwelanga ngelixa ukhulelwe ngenxa yemingcipheko emikhulu kuwe nakumntwana wakho osakhulayo. Masihlalutye iingozi eziphambili, iingcamango eziphosakeleyo eziqhelekileyo, kunye nezinye iindlela ezikhuselekileyo zokuhlala ukhululekile.
1. Iingozi Eziphezulu Zeebhedi Zelanga Ngexesha Lokukhulelwa
Ukukhulelwa kutshintsha amandla omzimba wakho okulawula ubushushu kunye nokuphendula kuxinzelelo, okwenza ukusebenzisa ibhedi elangeni kube yingozi kakhulu kunesiqhelo. Iingozi eziphambili ziquka:
Ubushushu obugqithisileyo (iHyperthermia): Iibhedi zelanga zibamba ubushushu kwindawo evalekileyo, kwaye ukukhulelwa kunciphisa amandla omzimba wakho okuphola. Ubushushu obuphezulu obungaphezulu kwe-102.2°F (39°C) kwikota yokuqala yenyanga bunokubangela iziphene zokuzalwa—kuquka iziphene zetyhubhu ye-neural ezifana ne-spina bifida—okanye ukuphuphuma kwesisu.
Ukwanda koBuntu obuLungileyo: Utshintsho lweehomoni ngexesha lokukhulelwa lwenza ulusu lwakho lube lula ukutsha, ukurhawuzelelwa, kunye notshintsho lombala (njenge-melasma). Imitha ye-UV ebekwe elangeni iyaqinisa ezi ngxaki, nto leyo ekhokelela ekutshisweni lilanga okubuhlungu okanye kwiindawo ezimnyama ezihlala zihleli.
Ukuphelelwa ngamanzi emzimbeni: Iibhedi zelanga zibangela ukubila, kwaye abantu abakhulelweyo bafuna ulwelo olongezelelweyo ukuxhasa i-placenta kunye nosana. Ukuphelelwa ngamanzi emzimbeni ngenxa yokusebenzisa iibhedi zelanga kunokukhokelela kwisiyezi, ulwelo oluphantsi lwe-amniotic, okanye ukushwabana kwangaphambi kwexesha.
Ukonakala Kwesikhumba Okuhlala Ixesha Elide: Ukukhulelwa akukonyusi umngcipheko womhlaza wesikhumba ngokwako, kodwa imitha ye-UV ebekwe elangeni (i-carcinogen eyaziwayo) inyusa amathuba akho okuba ne-melanoma okanye eminye imidla yomhlaza wesikhumba kamva ebomini—iingozi ezihlala zikhona emva kokukhulelwa.
2. Iintsomi Eziqhelekileyo Malunga Neebhedi Zelanga Nokukhulelwa
Abantu abaninzi bakholelwa kwiintsomi ezenza ukusetyenziswa kweebhedi zelanga kubonakale kukhuselekile, kodwa azixhaswa yisayensi:
Intsomi 1: “Iiseshoni ezimfutshane zilungile kuba andiyi kutshisa kakhulu.”
Inyani: Nokuba imizuzu emi-5 ukuya kweli-10 ebhedini yelanga inokunyusa ubushushu bakho obuphakathi ngokwaneleyo ukuba bungalimaza umntwana, ingakumbi xa ukhulelwe. Inkqubo yokulawula ubushushu emzimbeni wakho sele ixinezelekile, ngoko ke akukho seshoni imfutshane "ekhuselekileyo".
Intsomi yesi-2: “Ndifuna ibhedi yelanga ukuze ndifumane i-vitamin D yomntwana.”
Inyani: Iibhedi zelanga ziyindlela eyingozi yokufumana i-vitamin D. Endaweni yoko, ugqirha wakho usenokucebisa i-vitamin D yokukhulelwa (ngesiqhelo i-600–800 IU imihla ngemihla) okanye imithombo yokutya ekhuselekileyo (njengobisi oluqinisiweyo, i-salmon, okanye amaqanda). Ixesha elifutshane, elinomthunzi ngaphandle (imizuzu eli-10–15 ngosuku) likwanyusa i-vitamin D ngaphandle komonakalo we-UV.
Intsomi 3: “Iibhedi zelanga azimchaphazeli umntwana kuba imisebe ye-UV ayifikeleli esibelekweni.”
Inyani: Nangona imisebe ye-UV ingangeni ngqo kwisibeleko, ubushushu obuvela kwiibhedi zelanga bungena. Ubushushu obugqithisileyo yeyona nto iyingozi apha, kwaye buyonakalisa amalungu omzimba omntwana asakhulayo—nokuba imisebe ngokwayo ayiwachukumisi.
3. Iindlela Ezikhuselekileyo Zokuthuthuzela Ukukhulelwa
Ukuba uphoswa kukuziva ufudumele okanye ufuna ukuphepha ukubonakala “umdaka,” zama ezi ndlela zokukhusela ukukhulelwa endaweni yoko:
Ixesha Eliphantsi Ngaphandle: Hlala emthunzini (umz., phantsi komthi okanye isambulela) imizuzu eli-15–20 ngosuku. Uza kufumana umoya omtsha kunye nobushushu obuphantsi ngaphandle kwe-UV okanye iingozi zokushisa kakhulu.
Iimveliso Zokuzitshisa Ngombala: Sebenzisa ii-self-tanners ezikhusela ekukhulelweni (khangela iifomyula ezingenazo ii-allergies, ezingenavumba) ukuze ufumane ukukhanya okwethutyana. Vavanya ibala elincinci lesikhumba kuqala ukuze uphephe ukurhawuzelelwa.
Iishawa/Iibhafu Ezifudumeleyo: Ibhafu emfutshane nefudumeleyo (gcina amanzi angaphantsi kwe-100°F/37.8°C) inokukunceda uphumle ngaphandle kokunyusa ubushushu bakho kakhulu.
4. Yintoni Onokuyenza Ukuba Usebenzise Ibhedi Yokukhanya Elangeni Ngaphambi Kokwazi Ukuba Ukhulelwe
Ukuba ngempazamo usebenzise i-sunbed kwasekuqaleni kokukhulelwa, ungoyiki—kodwa xelela ugqirha wakho kwintlanganiso yakho elandelayo. Banokujonga ukukhula komntwana wakho (umz., nge-ultrasound) baze bakuqinisekise. Iseshoni emfutshane enye ayinakwenzeka ukuba ibangele ingozi enkulu, kodwa kubalulekile ukuphepha ukuyisebenzisa kwixesha elizayo.
Izinto ezibalulekileyo ekufuneka ziqwalaselwe
Ukusebenzisa iibhedi zelanga ngexesha lokukhulelwa akukhuselekanga—kunokubeka emngciphekweni wokushisa kakhulu, ukuzalwa neziphene, ukonakala kolusu, kunye nokuphelelwa ngamanzi emzimbeni.
Akukho xesha "likhuselekileyo" leseshoni, kwaye iintsomi malunga nokungena kwe-vitamin D okanye i-UV aziyonyani.
Hlala ulandela imithombo ye-vitamin D ecetyiswa ngugqirha, ii-self-tanners, okanye ixesha elithambileyo ngaphandle ukuze ufumane intuthuzelo nokuzithemba.
Impilo yomntwana wakho yeyona nto iphambili ngexesha lokukhulelwa, kwaye ukuphepha iibhedi zelanga yindlela elula yokunciphisa umngcipheko ongeyomfuneko. Soloko ubuza kumboneleli wakho wezempilo ukuba unemibuzo malunga nokhuseleko lokukhulelwa.
Ukuba ufuna iingcebiso zokuzinyamekela eziphathelele ukukhulelwa, ndingenza uluhlu lokuhlola impilo-ntle yokukhulelwa olukhuselekileyo—kuquka ukhathalelo lolusu, ulwelo, kunye neengcinga zokuphumla—ukuze uzive ungcono ngaphandle kweengozi. Ngaba ungayifumana iluncedo loo nto?