Ewe, iibhedi zokuthambisa isikhumba zisebenzisa ukukhanya kwe-UV (ultraviolet), ngakumbi imitha ye-UVA kunye ne-UVB, ukukhuthaza ukuveliswa kwe-melanin eluswini kwaye kulwenze lube mnyama. Nantsi into ekufuneka uyazi:
Iintlobo zokukhanya kwe-UV kwiibhedi zokuthambisa
Imitha ye-UVA (95–99% yemveliso):
Injongo: Zingena nzulu eluswini, zibangele ukuba i-tan ibonakale ngokukhawuleza kodwa okwexeshana ngokukhupha i-melanin ekhoyo.
Iingozi: Zinxulunyaniswa nokwaluphala kwangethuba (imibimbi) kunye nomngcipheko ophezulu womhlaza wolusu wexesha elide (i-melanoma).
Imitha ye-UVB (1–5% yemveliso):
Injongo: Ichaphazela umphezulu wolusu ukuze kukhuthazwe ukuthambisa okucothayo kodwa okuhlala ixesha elide ngokuvuselela ukuveliswa kwe-melanin entsha.
Iingozi: Zibangela ukutsha lilanga kwaye zinegalelo ekonakaleni kwe-DNA.
Iingozi eziphambili zokuvezwa yi-UV ebhedini xa kushushu:
Umhlaza wolusu: I-WHO ibeka iibhedi zokuthambisa isikhumba njengezinto ezibangela umhlaza kwiQela loku-1, njengeecuba.
Ukwaluphala kwangethuba: I-UVA iyayichitha i-collagen, nto leyo ebangela imibimbi kunye namabala elanga.
Ukonakala kwamehlo: Ukunxiba iiglasi zokukhusela kubalulekile ukuze uphephe i-cataracts.
Iibhedi zokuthambisa isikhumba xa kuthelekiswa nokukhanya kwelanga kwendalo
Uphawu: Iibhedi zokuthambisa isikhumba xa kuthelekiswa nokukhanya kwelanga kwendalo
Ubushushu be-UV: bunamandla ngokuphindwe kathathu ukuya kweli-15 kunelanga lasemini.
Iyahluka ngokwexesha/imozulu.
Umlinganiselo we-UVA/UVB: uninzi lwe-UVA (ubuninzi be-UVB) xa kuthelekiswa ne-UVA/UVB elinganiselayo
Ixesha lokuvezwa: Iiseshoni zemizuzu eli-10–20 xa kuthelekiswa nokuvezwa kancinci kancinci xa ungaphandle.
Ngaba ezinye iibhedi zisebenzisa i-UV 'ekhuselekileyo'?
Hayi, nangona iibhedi ezintsha zisithi 'azinabungozi buphezulu' (umz. iibhedi ze-UVA ezinoxinzelelo oluphezulu), zonke iintlobo ze-UV dawn zithwala umngcipheko womhlaza. Ukuze ufumane ukukhanya okukhuselekileyo, cinga ngoku:
- Ii-spray tans (ezisekwe kwi-DHA, azina-UV)
- Iiloshini zokuzithambisa ngokwazo kunye neemousse
- Unyango lokukhanya okubomvu (olungena-UV, ngenxa yempilo yolusu).
Ingongoma ephambili:
Iibhedi zokuthambisa isikhumba zisebenzisa ukukhanya okuqinileyo kwe-UV kwaye ziyingozi ngaphezu kwelanga. Iingcali zesikhumba zicebisa kakhulu ukuba uziphephe. Ukuba ukhetha ukuthambisa isikhumba, soloko unxiba iiglasi zeglasi kwaye unciphise ixesha lakho lokutya.