“Yonke into ikhula ngokukhanya kwelanga”. Ukukhanya kwelanga kuqulathe iintlobo ngeentlobo zokukhanya, nganye kuzo inobude obuhlukeneyo, ebonisa umbala owahlukileyo. Oku kungenxa yokuba ukukhanya kungena nzulu kwizicubu kwaye kunemiphumo eyahlukileyo kwizinto eziphilayo.
UNjingalwazi weSikolo sezonyango saseHarvard uMichael Hamblin upapashe amanqaku ophando abonisa ukuba ukukhanya okubomvu kunokuvelisa uthotho lweziphumo zobushushu, iziphumo ze-photochemical, kunye nezinye iimpendulo zebhayoloji. Kungangena nakwizicwili zomntu ukuya kuthi ga kwi-30mm nangaphezulu, ngokuthe ngqo kwimithambo yegazi, kwimithambo ye-lymphatic, kwiziphelo zemithambo-luvo, nakwizicwili ezingaphantsi kolusu. Oku kungenxa yokuba ukukhanya okubomvu kolu hlobo akufumaneki kwezinye iintlobo zokukhanya, kwaye ke ngoko kwaziwa ngokuba yi-"optical window" yolusu lomntu.
Ukukhanya okubomvu kufunxwa njani ngumzimba?
Kwizicwili zomzimba wethu, ukukhanya kutsalwa kakhulu ziiproteni, ii-pigment, kunye nezinye iimolekyuli ezinkulu, kunye neemolekyuli zamanzi. Ekubeni iimolekyuli zamanzi kunye ne-hemoglobin kwibhendi yokukhanya ebomvu ye-coefficient yokufunxwa kokukhanya zincinci, ii-photons zinokungena nzulu kwiithishu ukuze zibe nefuthe elifanelekileyo lokunyanga. Ukukhanya okubomvu kunye nomzimba womntu zezona zikufutshane kakhulu nemitha yamaza e-electromagnetic, kwaye zikwabizwa ngokuba "kukukhanya kobomi"! Ikwabizwa ngokuba "kukukhanya kobomi".
Itshathi yeNgxelo yoPhando 2Ukufunxwa kwemibala eyahlukeneyo yokukhanya zizicubu zesikhumba. Ukongeza, kwinqanaba leseli, i-mitochondria zezona zifunxwa zinkulu zokukhanya okubomvu. I-spectrum yokukhanya okubomvu ifana ne-spectrum yokukhanya kwe-mitochondria, kwaye ii-photons ezifunxwayo zingeniswa emzimbeni womntu, nto leyo ephumela kwimpendulo yebhayoloji ye-photochemical esebenza kakuhle kakhulu - impendulo ye-enzyme. Le mpendulo iphucula umsebenzi we-mitochondrial catalase, i-superoxide dismutase kunye nezinye ii-enzymes ezinxulumene ne-metabolism yamandla, ekhawulezisa ukwenziwa kwe-ATP, inyuse ukunikezelwa kwamandla kweeseli zezicubu kwaye ikhawulezise inkqubo ye-metabolism kunye nokususwa kwee-metabolites ezinobuthi emzimbeni. Ikhawulezisa indlela umzimba osebenza ngayo kwaye ukhuphe iityhefu.
I-Mitochondria zezona zifunxa ukukhanya okubomvu zinkulu kwinqanaba leeseli. I-spectrum yokukhanya okubomvu ifana ne-spectrum yokufakwa kwe-mitochondria, kwaye ii-photons ezifunxayo zingeniswa emzimbeni womntu, nto leyo ephumela kwi-photochemical biological reaction esebenza kakuhle kakhulu - i-enzyme reaction. Le reaction iphucula umsebenzi we-mitochondrial catalase, i-superoxide dismutase kunye nezinye ii-enzymes ezinxulumene ne-energy metabolism, ekhawulezisa ukwenziwa kwe-ATP, inyuse ukunikezelwa kwamandla kwiiseli zezicubu kwaye ikhawulezise inkqubo ye-metabolism kunye nokususwa kwee-metabolites ezinobuthi emzimbeni. Ikhawulezisa indlela umzimba osebenza ngayo kwaye ukhuphe iityhefu.
Olunye uphando lubonisa ukuba ukukhanya okubomvu kunokutshintsha indlela ezivezwa ngayo iijini ezinxulumene neswekile, i-lipid, kunye ne-protein metabolism, okwenza kube lula ukuba ii-fibroblast zisebenzise ii-fatty acids njengezinto ezisetyenziswa ekuveliseni i-ATP, ngaloo ndlela zikhawulezise ukusebenza kwamafutha; kwaye kwangaxeshanye, kunokwenza nendlela ezivezwa ngayo iijini ezinxulumene ne-energy metabolism zilawulwe ngcono, ezifana ne-NADH dehydrogenase, i-ATP synthetase, kunye neeproteni ze-flavin ezithutha ii-electron, ezilungele ukulungisa nokuvuselela izicubu ezonakeleyo, kunye nokukhuthaza izicubu zemithambo-luvo ukufezekisa injongo yonyango. Kungavuselela nezicubu zemithambo-luvo ukufezekisa injongo yonyango.
Iindlela ezinokwenzeka zokukhusela i-neuroprotection ebangelwa kukukhanya okubomvu
Imiphumo yokukhanya okubomvu emzimbeni womntu
Kukho amanqaku amaninzi kunye nezilingo zeklinikhi malunga nendlela ukukhanya okubomvu okuchaphazela ngayo ubuhle, ukuchacha kunye nokuzikhusela komzimba. Ikwadlala indima ebalulekileyo ekukhuthazeni ukwakheka kwe-corpus luteum kwi-ovary, ukulawula ukukhutshwa kweehomoni zesini, ukuphucula umbono, ukunciphisa ubunzima kunye nokutyeba, kunye nokukhulula iimvakalelo.
Ukukhanya okubomvu kunokuphucula umbala wolusu. Ezinye izifundo zibonise ukuba ukukhanya okubomvu kunokuthintela ukusebenza kwe-tyrosinase, eyi-enzyme enceda ekwenzeni umbala wolusu. Kungavuselela neproteni ebizwa ngokuba yi-extracellular regulated protein kinase, enokunciphisa ukuveliswa kwe-tyrosinase kunye nezinye iiproteni ezinxulumene noko. Oku kunokunceda ukuphucula umbala wolusu kunye nokunciphisa iingxaki zokutshintsha umbala, ezinje ngamabala, i-acne, kunye nokunye ukutshintsha kombala wolusu.
1. Ukukhanya okubomvu kuphucula ngempumelelo umbala
Ukukhanya okubomvu kwenza kube lula ukuqhubeka nokuzilolonga nokuba udiniwe. Abaphandi bafumanise ukuba ukukhanya okubomvu imizuzu engama-20 kunokuphucula amanqanaba eoksijini egazini kwaye kunciphise ukusetyenziswa kwamandla e-anaerobic emzimbeni, nto leyo ekhokelela ekuqokeleleni kancinci kwe-lactic acid ngexesha lokuzilolonga. Oku kunokunciphisa kakhulu iimvakalelo zokudinwa kwaye kuphucule amandla omzimba okuxhathisa ukudinwa kunye nokunyamezela.
2. Ukukhanya okubomvu kuphucula ukumelana nokudinwa
Ukukhanya okubomvu kunokunceda ekulahlekelweni kokubona. Uphononongo olwenziwe zizazinzulu zaseBritane kwijenali iScientific Reports lufumanise ukuba ukuchanabeka kukukhanya okubomvu okunzulu imizuzu emithathu kuphela ngosuku kunokunciphisa kakhulu ukulahleka kokubona, kunye nokubona kwabo okuphucukayo ngomyinge we-17 ekhulwini.