Elinye lamalungu omzimba angaziwayo kangakounyango lokukhanyaIzifundo ziye zahlola izihlunu. Izihlunu zabantu zineenkqubo ezikhethekileyo kakhulu zokuvelisa amandla, ezifuna ukukwazi ukubonelela ngamandla kwixesha elide lokusetyenziswa kancinci kunye nexesha elifutshane lokusetyenziswa kakhulu. Uphando kule ndawo luye lwakhawuleza kakhulu kwiminyaka embalwa edlulileyo, kunye nezifundo ezininzi ezintsha ezikumgangatho ophezulu inyanga nenyanga. Ukukhanya okubomvu kunye ne-infrared kuye kwafundwa ngokunzulu kwiintlobo ngeentlobo zezifo kunye neemeko, ukusuka kwintlungu yamalungu ukuya ekupholisweni kwamanxeba, mhlawumbi kuba iziphumo zeseli zithiwa zisebenza kwinqanaba lamandla elisisiseko. Ngoko ke ukuba ukukhanya kungena kwizicubu zemisipha, ngaba kunokuba neziphumo ezilungileyo apho? Kweli nqaku siza kuhlola indlela ukukhanya okunxibelelana ngayo nezi nkqubo kunye nezibonelelo ezinokuzisa, ukuba zikhona.
Ukukhanya kunokunxibelelana nokusebenza kwezihlunu, kodwa njani?
Ukuze siqonde indlela ukukhanya okunokuchaphazela ngayo izicubu zemisipha, kufuneka siqale siqonde indlela izicubu zemisipha ezisebenza ngayo ngokwenene. Amandla ayimfuneko kubomi kuyo yonke iseli yazo zonke iintlobo esizaziyo ngoku. Le nyaniso yobomi ibonakala ngokucacileyo kwizicubu zemisipha, ngokwembono yoomatshini, kunalo naluphi na olunye uhlobo lwezicubu. Ekubeni imisipha ibandakanyeka kwintshukumo, kufuneka ivelise kwaye isebenzise amandla, kungenjalo ayizukushukuma. Nantoni na enceda kule mveliso yamandla isisiseko iya kuba luncedo.
Indlela yonyango lokukhanya
Unyango lokukhanya lunendlela eyaziwayo kuyo nayiphi na iseli yomzimba ene-mitochondrion (i-mitochondria yi-organelles enoxanduva lokuvelisa amandla). Ungajonga kwi-Cytochrome C Oxidase kunye ne-Nitric Oxide ukuze ufunde okungakumbi ngeenkcukacha apha, kodwa ngokusisiseko ingcamango kukuba ukukhanya okubomvu kunye nokukufutshane ne-infrared kunceda i-mitochondria yethu ukuba igqibezele inkqubo yokuphefumla, inike i-CO2 kunye ne-ATP (amandla) engaphezulu. Oku ngokwethiyori kungasebenza phantse kuyo nayiphi na iseli yomzimba, ngaphandle kwezo zingenayo i-mitochondria ezifana neeseli ezibomvu zegazi.
Unxibelelwano lwemisipha namandla
Enye yeempawu eziphambili zeeseli zemisipha kukuba zininzi kakhulu kwi-mitochondria, nto leyo ebangela ukuba zikwazi ukwanelisa iimfuno zamandla aphezulu. Oku kusebenza kwimisipha yamathambo, kwimisipha yentliziyo, nakwizicubu zemisipha ezigudileyo njengoko unokuzifumana kwizitho zangaphakathi. Ubuninzi be-mitochondria kwizicubu zemisipha buyahluka phakathi kweentlobo kunye namalungu omzimba, kodwa zonke zifuna amandla aphezulu ukuze zisebenze. Ubukho obuninzi bubonisa ukuba kutheni abaphandi bezonyango lokukhanya benomdla ekusebenziseni izihlunu ezijolise kuzo, nangakumbi kunezinye izicubu.
Iiseli zesiqu semisipha - ukukhula kunye nokulungiswa okuphuculwe kukukhanya?
Iiseli ze-Myosatellite, uhlobo lweeseli ze-muscle stem cell ezibandakanyeka ekukhuleni nasekulungiseni, nazo zizinto eziphambili ekujoliswe kuzo kunyango lokukhanya1,5, mhlawumbi kwaneyona nto iphambili enika iziphumo zexesha elide. Ezi seli zesathelayithi ziyasebenza ekuphenduleni uxinzelelo (njengokushukuma koomatshini njengokuzilolonga okanye ukwenzakala) - inkqubo enokuphuculwa ngonyango lokukhanya9. Njengeeseli ze-stem kuyo nayiphi na indawo yomzimba, ezi seli zesathelayithi ngokuyintloko zizinto eziza kuqala kwiiseli zemisipha eziqhelekileyo. Zihlala zikhona kwimeko ekhululekileyo, engasebenziyo, kodwa ziya kujika zibe zezinye iiseli ze-stem okanye ziguquke zibe ziiseli zemisipha ezisebenzayo ngokupheleleyo njengenxalenye yenkqubo yokuphiliswa, ekuphenduleni ukwenzakala okanye ukwenzakala kokuzivocavoca. Uphando lwakutshanje lubonisa ukuveliswa kwamandla e-mitochondrial ngaphakathi kweeseli ze-stem njengomlawuli oyintloko wekamva lazo6, ngokuyintloko zimisela 'ucwangciso' lwazo kunye nesantya kunye nokusebenza kwazo. Ekubeni ingcamango engasemva konyango lokukhanya kukuba inokuba ngumkhuthazi onamandla womsebenzi we-mitochondrial, kukho indlela ecacileyo yokuchaza indlela ukukhanya okunokuphucula ngayo ukukhula kwemisipha yethu kunye nokulungiswa ngeeseli ze-stem.
Ukudumba
Ukudumba luphawu oluqhelekileyo olunxulunyaniswa nomonakalo wemisipha okanye uxinzelelo. Abanye abaphandi bacinga ukuba ukukhanya kunokunceda (ukuba kusetyenziswa ngokufanelekileyo) ukunciphisa ubukhali bokudumba3 (ngokunyusa amanqanaba e-CO2 - aqhubeka nokuthintela ii-cytokines/prostaglandins ezidumbayo), ngaloo ndlela kuvumela ukulungiswa okusebenzayo ngaphandle kokulimala/i-fibrosis.