Unyango lokukhanya komlomo, ngendlela yeelaser ezikumgangatho ophantsi kunye nee-LED, lusetyenziswe kunyango lwamazinyo kangangeminyaka emininzi ngoku. Njengenye yezona candelo zifundwe kakuhle zempilo yomlomo, uphando olukhawulezileyo kwi-intanethi (ukusukela ngo-2016) lufumana amawaka ezifundo ezivela kumazwe kwihlabathi liphela kunye namakhulu ezifundo rhoqo ngonyaka.
Umgangatho wezifundo kweli candelo uyahluka, ukusuka kuvavanyo lokuqala ukuya kwizifundo ezilawulwa yi-placebo ezingaboniyo kabini. Nangona uphando lwesayensi lubanzi kwaye lusetyenziswa kakhulu kwezonyango, unyango lokukhanya ekhaya kwiingxaki zomlomo alukabikho ngokubanzi, ngenxa yezizathu ezahlukeneyo. Ngaba abantu kufuneka baqale ukwenza unyango lokukhanya komlomo ekhaya?
Ucoceko lomlomo: ngaba unyango lokukhanya okubomvu luyafana nokuhlamba amazinyo?
Enye yezinto ezimangalisayo ezifunyenweyo xa kuhlolisiswa iincwadi kukuba unyango lokukhanya kwiiwavelength ezithile lunciphisa inani leebhaktheriya zomlomo kunye ne-biofilms. Kwezinye iimeko, kodwa kungekhona zonke, ngaphezu kokuxubha amazinyo rhoqo/ukuhlamba umlomo.
Izifundo ezenziweyo kule ndawo zigxile kakhulu kwiibhaktheriya ezidla ngokubangelwa kukubola kwamazinyo/imingxuma (iStreptococci, iLactobacilli) kunye nosulelo lwamazinyo (i-enterococci – uhlobo lwebhaktheriya olunxulunyaniswa namathumba, usulelo lweengcambu kunye nezinye). Ukukhanya okubomvu (okanye i-infrared, ububanzi be-600-1000nm) kubonakala ngathi kunceda kwiingxaki zolwimi ezimhlophe okanye ezigqunywe nge-coated, ezinokubangelwa zizinto ezininzi kubandakanya i-yeast kunye nebhaktheriya.
Nangona uphando lweebhaktheriya kule ndawo lusesengaphambili, ubungqina bunomdla. Izifundo kwezinye iindawo zomzimba nazo zibonisa lo msebenzi wokukhanya okubomvu ekuthinteleni usulelo. Ngaba lixesha lokongeza unyango lokukhanya okubomvu kwinkqubo yakho yococeko lomlomo?
Uvakalelo lwamazinyo: ngaba ukukhanya okubomvu kunganceda?
Ukuba nezinyo elibuthathaka kuyabangela uxinzelelo kwaye kunciphisa ngokuthe ngqo umgangatho wobomi - umntu ochaphazelekileyo akasakwazi ukonwabela izinto ezifana ne-ayisikhrim kunye nekofu. Nokuba ukuphefumla nje ngomlomo kunokubangela iintlungu. Uninzi lwabantu abachaphazelekileyo banomkhuhlane, kodwa abambalwa banobushushu obugqithisileyo obudla ngokuba yingozi ngakumbi.
Kukho izifundo ezininzi malunga nokunyanga amazinyo abuthathaka (okwaziwa ngokuba yi-dentin hypersensitivity) ngokukhanya okubomvu nokwe-infrared, iziphumo ezinomdla. Isizathu sokuba abaphandi babenomdla koku ekuqaleni kukuba ngokungafaniyo nomaleko wamazinyo we-enamel, umaleko we-dentin uphinda uhlaziyeke ubomi bonke ngenkqubo ebizwa ngokuba yi-dentinogenesis. Abanye bakholelwa ukuba ukukhanya okubomvu kunamandla okuphucula isantya kunye nokusebenza kwale nkqubo, kusebenza ukuphucula imetabolism kwi-odontoblasts - iiseli ezikumazinyo ezinoxanduva lwe-dentinogenesis.
Ukuba akukho nto yokuzalisa okanye into yangaphandle enokuthintela okanye ithintele ukuveliswa kwamazinyo, unyango lokukhanya okubomvu yinto enomdla ekufuneka uyiqwalasele xa ulwa namazinyo abuthathaka.
Intlungu Yamazinyo: ukukhanya okubomvu okufana neyeza lokudambisa iintlungu eliqhelekileyo?
Unyango lokukhanya okubomvu lufundwe kakuhle kwiingxaki zentlungu. Oku kuyinyani kumazinyo, njengakwezinye iindawo emzimbeni. Enyanisweni, oogqirha bamazinyo basebenzisa iilaser ezikumgangatho ophantsi kwiikliniki ngenxa yesi sizathu.
Abaxhasi bathi ukukhanya akuncedi nje kuphela kwiimpawu zentlungu, besithi kunceda kumanqanaba ahlukeneyo ukunyanga unobangela (njengoko sele kukhankanyiwe - okunokubulala iintsholongwane kunye nokuvuselela amazinyo, njl.njl.).
Iibhrakhethi zamazinyo: unyango lokukhanya ngomlomo luluncedo?
Uninzi lwezifundo ezipheleleyo kwicandelo lonyango lokukhanya komlomo zigxile kwi-orthodontics. Akumangalisi ukuba abaphandi banomdla koku, kuba kukho ubungqina bokuba isantya sokuhamba kwamazinyo kubantu abane-braces sinokunyuka xa kusetyenziswa ukukhanya okubomvu. Oku kuthetha ukuba ngokusebenzisa isixhobo sonyango sokukhanya esifanelekileyo, unokukwazi ukulahla ii-braces zakho ngokukhawuleza kwaye ubuyele ekonwabeleni ukutya nobomi.
Njengoko kukhankanyiwe apha ngasentla, ukukhanya okubomvu okuvela kwisixhobo esifanelekileyo kunokunceda ukunciphisa iintlungu, nto leyo esona siphumo sibalulekileyo nesiqhelekileyo sonyango lwamazinyo. Phantse wonke umntu onxiba iibraces unentlungu ephakathi ukuya kweqatha emlonyeni wakhe, phantse yonke imihla. Oku kunokuchaphazela kakubi ukutya abakulungeleyo ukutya kwaye kunokubangela ukuxhomekeka kwiipilisi zesintu zokudambisa iintlungu ezifana ne-ibuprofen kunye ne-paracetamol. Unyango olukhanyayo luyinto enomdla kwaye ayicingelwa rhoqo ukunceda kwiintlungu ezivela kwiibraces.
Ukonakala kwamazinyo, iintsini kunye namathambo: amathuba angcono okuphiliswa ngokukhanya okubomvu?
Ukonakala kwamazinyo, iintsini, imisipha kunye namathambo azixhasayo, kunokwenzeka ngezizathu ezahlukeneyo, kubandakanya ukubola kwendalo, ukwenzakala emzimbeni, isifo seentsini kunye notyando lokufakelwa. Sithethe ngasentla ngokukhanya okubomvu okunokuphilisa umaleko we-dentin wamazinyo kodwa kukwabonakalise ithemba nakwezinye iindawo zomlomo.
Izifundo ezininzi zijonga ukuba ukukhanya okubomvu kunokukhawulezisa na ukuphiliswa kwamanxeba kwaye kunciphise ukudumba kwiintsini. Ezinye izifundo zijonga nokuba kunokwenzeka na ukuqinisa amathambo e-periodontal ngaphandle kwesidingo sotyando. Enyanisweni, ukukhanya okubomvu kunye ne-infrared zombini zifundwe kakuhle kwenye indawo emzimbeni ngenjongo yokuphucula uxinano lwamathambo (ngokusebenzisana neeseli ze-osteoblast - iiseli ezinoxanduva lokwenziwa kwamathambo).
Ingcamango ephambili echaza unyango lokukhanya ithi ekugqibeleni lukhokelela kumanqanaba aphezulu e-ATP eeseli, nto leyo evumela ii-osteoblasts ukuba zenze imisebenzi yazo ephambili ekhethekileyo (yokwakha i-collagen matrix kunye nokuyizalisa ngeminerali yethambo).
Ukukhanya okubomvu kusebenza njani emzimbeni?
Kusenokubonakala kungaqhelekanga ukuba unyango lokukhanya lufundelwa phantse zonke iingxaki zempilo yomlomo, ukuba awuyazi indlela esebenza ngayo. Ukukhanya okubomvu nokukufutshane ne-infrared kucingelwa ukuba kusebenza kakhulu kwi-mitochondria yeeseli, nto leyo ekhokelela ekuvelisweni kwamandla amakhulu (ATP). Naliphi na iseli eline-mitochondria, ngokwethiyori, liya kufumana inzuzo ethile kunyango lokukhanya olufanelekileyo.
Ukuveliswa kwamandla kubalulekile ebomini nakwisakhiwo/umsebenzi weeseli. Ngokukodwa, ukukhanya okubomvu kususa i-nitric oxide kwiimolekyuli ze-cytochrome c oxidase metabolism ngaphakathi kwe-mitochondria.I-nitric oxide 'yi-hormone yoxinzelelo' kuba ithintela ukuveliswa kwamandla - ukukhanya okubomvu kuyayicima le mpembelelo.
Kukho amanye amanqanaba apho ukukhanya okubomvu kucingelwa ukuba kusebenza khona, njengokuphucula uxinzelelo lomphezulu we-cytoplasm yeseli, ukukhulula inani elincinci leentlobo ze-oxygen ezisabelayo (i-ROS), njl.njl., kodwa eyona iphambili kukwandisa imveliso ye-ATP ngokuthintela i-nitric oxide.
Ukukhanya okufanelekileyo kunyango lokukhanya komlomo?
Iindidi ezahlukeneyo zamaza okukhanya zibonakalisiwe zisebenza kakuhle, kuquka i-630nm, i-685nm, i-810nm, i-830nm, njl. Izifundo ezininzi zithelekisa iilaser nee-LED, ezibonisa iziphumo ezilinganayo (kwaye kwezinye iimeko zingcono) kwimpilo yomlomo. Ii-LED zibiza kancinci, kwaye zifikeleleka lula ukuzisebenzisa ekhaya.
Eyona mfuneko iphambili yonyango lokukhanya ngomlomo kukuba ukukhanya kukwazi ukungena kwizicwili zesifuba, kuze kungene nakwiintsini, kwi-enamel nasemathanjeni. Ulusu kunye nezicubu ze-surace zithintela i-90-95% yokukhanya okungenayo. Imithombo yokukhanya enamandla ke ngoko iyimfuneko malunga nee-LED. Izixhobo zokukhanya ezibuthathaka ziya kuba nefuthe kuphela kwimiba yomphezulu; azikwazi ukuphelisa usulelo olunzulu, zinyange iintsini, amathambo kwaye kunzima ukufikelela kumazinyo e-molar.
Ukuba ukukhanya kungangena entendeni yesandla sakho ukuya kuthi ga kwinqanaba elithile, kuya kufaneleka ukungena ezidleleni zakho. Ukukhanya kwe-infrared kungena kubunzulu obungaphezulu kancinci kunokukhanya okubomvu, nangona amandla okukhanya esoloko eyiyona nto iphambili ekungeneni.
Ngoko ke kuya kubonakala kufanelekile ukusebenzisa ukukhanya kwe-LED ebomvu/i-infrared okuvela kumthombo oxineneyo (50 – 200mW/cm² okanye ngaphezulu). Izixhobo zamandla eziphantsi zingasetyenziswa, kodwa ixesha lokusebenza elisebenzayo liya kuba phezulu kakhulu.
Okukwintsusa
Ukukhanya okubomvu okanye kwe-infraredifundwa kwiindawo ezahlukeneyo zezinyo neentsini, kwaye malunga nobuninzi beebhaktheriya.
Amaza ombane afanelekileyo angama-600-1000nm.
Ii-LED kunye ne-laser zingqinwe kwizifundo.
Unyango olukhanyayo lufanelekile ukujongwa kwizinto ezinje; amazinyo abuthathaka, iintlungu zamazinyo, usulelo, ucoceko lomlomo ngokubanzi, umonakalo wamazinyo/iintsini…
Abantu abaneebraces ngokuqinisekileyo banomdla kolu phando.
Ii-LED ezibomvu nezikhanyayo zombini zifundelwa unyango lokukhanya komlomo. Izibane eziqinileyo ziyafuneka ukuze kungene izidlele/iintsini.