Imitha ye-ultraviolet (UV), nokuba ivela elangeni lendalo okanye kwimithombo yokwenziwa efana noomatshini bokushushu (iibhedi zelanga), inemiphumo enzima kumzimba womntu. Nangona ukuvezwa kwe-UV okuphakathi kuxhasa ukwenziwa kwe-vitamin D—eluncedo kumsebenzi womzimba—ukuvezwa kakhulu, ngakumbi kwizixhobo zokutshisa, kunokunciphisa ukukhuselwa komzimba kwaye kwandise iingozi zempilo.
Iyintoni impembelelo yokukhanya kwe-UV kwinkqubo yomzimba yokuzikhusela?
1. Imitha ye-UV kunye nokuguqulwa kwamajoni omzimba
A. Iziphumo zokucinezela amajoni omzimba
Ukucinezelwa Kwamajoni Omzimba Asekuhlaleni:
Imitha ye-UVB (280–315 nm) kunye ne-UVA (315–400 nm) ingena eluswini, yonakalisa i-DNA kwii-keratinocytes kunye neeseli zomzimba.
Oku kubangela ukukhululwa kwee-cytokines ezithintela ukhuselo lomzimba (umz., i-IL-10, i-TNF-α), okunciphisa amandla olusu okulwa nosulelo kunye nomhlaza.
Iiseli zeLangerhans (iiseli eziphambili zokuzikhusela eluswini) ziyancipha, nto leyo ebangela ukuba i-antigen ingabonakali lula.
Ukucinezelwa Kwamajoni Omzimba:
Ukuvezwa yi-UV okungapheliyo (ingakumbi i-UVA kwiibhedi zokutshisa ilanga) kunokuthintela ukusebenza kweeseli ze-T, kunciphisa ukhuseleko lomzimba kwiintsholongwane kunye neegonyo.
Izifundo zidibanisa ukusetyenziswa kakhulu kwebhedi yokuthambisa isikhumba kunye nokwanda kokuchaphazeleka zizifo ezibangelwa ziintsholongwane (umz., i-herpes simplex, i-HPV) kunye nosulelo lwesikhumba olubangelwa ziintsholongwane.
B. I-Vitamin D kunye neenzuzo zoMzimba
I-Vitamin D ebangelwa yi-UVB yonyusa amandla okuzikhusela emzimbeni ngokukhuthaza ukuveliswa kwe-peptide yokulwa neentsholongwane (umz., i-cathelicidin).
Nangona kunjalo, oomatshini bokushushubeza ibala bakhupha uninzi lwe-UVA, engayivelisi kakuhle i-vitamin D, nto leyo ethintela le nzuzo.
Impembelelo yemitha ye-ultraviolet kwi-immune ingajongwana njani nayo ngokwesayensi?
1. Nciphisa ubuninzi kunye nobude bolawulo.
Iiseshoni zokutshisa umbala wesikhumba akufuneki zidlule imizuzu eli-10 kwaye akufuneki zibe ngaphezulu kwezihlandlo ezibini ngeveki ukuze kuthintelwe ukuba zingangeni emzimbeni ixesha elide.
2. Qinisa ukhathalelo ngaphambi nasemva kotyando.
Ukufumisa nokusebenzisa ii-antioxidant (i-vitamin C kunye ne-E) kunye neemveliso zokhathalelo lolusu ezivuselelayo kunokunciphisa umonakalo obangelwa yimitha ye-ultraviolet.
3. Nika ingqalelo kutshintsho olusemzimbeni.
Funa uncedo lwezonyango ngokukhawuleza ukuba ufumana usulelo oluphindaphindayo, ukurhawuzelelwa lusu okungaqhelekanga, okanye i-erythema, kwaye uyeke ukusebenzisa iimveliso zokutshisa isikhumba.